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WebVTT

WEBVTT
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Hello and welcome to Hyperbola GNU with Linux-Libre
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today I'll show you how to install the Hyperbola distribution
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in its 0.3 version
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My name is Jesus Eduardo
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and I'm am on the Hyperbola Security team
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and well then let's start with the main steps
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one of the first steps is to download de ISO
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from the official Hyperbola page
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let's go to where it says 'download'
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Here we can see that we have
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a little guide about the types of images
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we have a normal image
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and another named 'Hypertalking'
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that allows us
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activate
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voice
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for those people who have problems with vision.
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for that you must download HyperTalking
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Let's go down, where it says 'source'
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because if we go up
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we can only download the ISO with torrent
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or through magnetic links
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but some users will like to download it with HTTP
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let's 'source'
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Down this page
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let's go where it says 'other sources'
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Any mirror will be good, but of course one would have to choose the nearest mirror
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once we are inside, let's click on '/other/'
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and then to the directory 'live_images/'
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followed by gnu-plus-linux-libre
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once here we choose the desired version. In my case, the stable one, milky-way v0.3
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Here we can see multiple files
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first,
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the pure .iso image
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then an magnet archive
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a sha512 file, to check the liability of the file,
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a signature of the data integration (sha512)
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an signature of the .iso image
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an a torrent file
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You will want to download the .iso image
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and for security reasons, the signature of the .iso image.
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Then, you'll go to the 'verify your live image'
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following this guide you can be sure that the .iso image downloaded has no data errors
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Once downloaded the file, you'll want to save it inside a memory USB
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or you can also save it on a CD
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in order to boot from the device,
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Remember that you need to check your BIOS settings in order to Boot to the live image (USB or CD).
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I'll use a virtual machine to simulate the installation
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in my physic machine
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I'm using a wireless network card from TP-link,
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exactly the 'TL-WN722N' model
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it is a wireless device that works with free software.
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I'll give you the description in case you don't have internet connection.
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Remember that it's a free distro, so some devices may not work.
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To check in where Bus is my USB,
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I'll use the command lsusb.
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in this case is the Bus 003, and the device 007.
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I'll go to the Qemu configurations, and specify my device Bus number and device number.
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hostbus is 3, and hostaddr is 7.
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I have the instructions of my virtual machine in a bash file
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my virtual machine will have 1GB of RAM and with a 20GB Hard Drive.
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I'll start my virtual machine with the command 'bash /home/heckyel/ and the name of the file, which is vm.sh
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[Intro]
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The virtual machine opens
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and it says that he can't find a bootable device, basically our image is not being detected, let's configure the disk part, id idn't add it actually.
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To add it, I'll use AQEMU,
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click on Media and on CD-ROM, and, yes, it's missing, that's why it isn't working
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Here I'll add the disk configurations
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perfect!
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let's close AQEMU
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and try again
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Perfect, now it works,
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let's click to View and check 'Zoom To Fit'
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in order to have a better resolution
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I'll maximize it.
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Here we have our...
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Hyperbola Menu
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Her ewe have options for x64 and x32 bits
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to boot from an existent operating system
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to run a RAM test
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to know hardware information
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to reboot and to power off the machine
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Let's go to the first option, to install a 64 bits system,
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remember that this video will be based on the DOS mode.
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Let's see the installation on DOS, the MBR installation, to be exact.
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Let's configure the keyboard map,
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because for default we won't the right keyboard
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unless you have an english keyboard, for that I'll use a clear
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and then run a 'loadkeys' space 'es'
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I'll activate 'screenkey' so you can understand...
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my commands better
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perfect!
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The first command was 'loadkeys es' and that will be enough for my keyboard in general.
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What to do next?
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first
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connect to the internet
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If I do a 'pacman -Syy'
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- you'll see
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that I have internet connection,
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this is because
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by default, the virtual machine
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has a NAT connection
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and that is why I have internet connection from
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the virtual machine
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Logically this wont happend
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in your case, you won't be doing it on a virtual machine,
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so probably you won't have internet,
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I'll make an example with my wireless network card, to show you how to configure it.
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For this, let's use the 'iw dev' command
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we can see that the interface is being 'seen'
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so we have a name.
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Let's use
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now the 'wpa_supplicant- command
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with -B -i to indicate what interface should be used
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in this case is wlp0s1f2u1
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and now
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add -c to
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redirect some parameters
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using the command wpa_passphrase,
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and then 'lynx' the name of the connection in this case
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and the password would be the one I'm writing since it is an 'artificial' network
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there's no problem.
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This would be the command, once we press enter
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it will say that the connection was succesfull
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then, I'll use the command 'dhcpcd'
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and tell them to bring me Ip's to the wlp0s1f2u1 interface.
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Once we press enter
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it will say that it is running commands, now
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to check if we have internet connection
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we will use a 'pacman -Syy'.
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We see now that we do have internet connection
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perfect!
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Now
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I'll go to the next steps
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they will be to format
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the hard drive
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and make the partitions that we will need
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for this
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I'll use the 'cfdisk' command
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but before this command, we need to know which devices we have connected
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to this, we will use the 'lsblk' command
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[enter]
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it will show us all the devices
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we will use the sda drive
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with a 20GB capacity
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here we install the operating system
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Now, let's use cfdisk /dev/sda.
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Here we have to select the type of installation
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as I said before, it will be a DOS installation
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Now
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we have the totally free disk,
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let's create the first partition
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which will be dedicated to the boot process
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with a 300M space
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primary type
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Then the root file, I'll give it 10GB,
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the /home partition, 8G
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and the swap memory,
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it will the remain, 1.7GB
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[enter] Done!
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To the swap
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the thumb rule is to assign the double of space
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you have in your machine
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for example, if you have a computer with 2GB of RAM,
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the swap should have 2 or more
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in this case as I'm using a virtual machine
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that has a 1.7 GB approximately
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Once we are done with the partitions
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let's say that our first partition, the boot one has to be bootable, since it is where he kernel
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and the grub will be, to start the system
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Then, in the last sector
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let's change its type to Linux swap.
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After this, let's write every partition,
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let's go to the first one and go enter on write
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and say yes
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yes
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one by one.
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yes
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Perfect, let's go to quit
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and rerun the cfdisk /dev/sda command in order to see if everything is correct
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we see that they are correct
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Let's go quit again.
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now we will rormat the partition
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this is necessary since the partitions have to be formatted and the mounted
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let's make a clear.
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Let's use the command 'mkfs'
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the type of archive system with -t would be ext4
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on the /dev/sda1 device the /boot partition
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[enter]
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Again, mkfs -t ext4 to the root partition, /dev/sda2.
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We wait some seconds and again, mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda3, our /home partition
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[enter]
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we have almost everything ready
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now we will format the swap,
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we use the command 'mkswap /dev/sda4'
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now we will activate the swap
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since we will latter use the command genfstab
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command that detects all the systems to be used
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to activate the swap
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we use the 'swapon /dev/sda4' command,
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[enter]
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and the swap is now activated.
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Now we will organize the partitions
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we have a partition that will be home and another for root
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let's start mounting this partitions:
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Using the command 'mount /dev/sda2' in the /mnt directory
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then enter.
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Now we will create the boot and the home directory with the mkdir command,
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mkdir /mnt/boot
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and mkdir /mnt/home commands
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perfect!
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now let's mount the devices in those newly created directories
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using -mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
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[enter]
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now mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home
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[enter]
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All perfect
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now we will simply make sure that the system keys are correct
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to this we'll use the command 'pacman -Sy hyperbola-keyring' then enter
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enter again
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and this is so we dont have errors later in the moment of installing the system with pacstrap
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In the 1.0 version of hyperbola, this problem won't be here animore
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since in that version we will only have one key, so it wont give us problems on that version
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now let's
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use 'pacstrap /mnt', as you can see in our root directory, which is mounted on /mnt
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we will install
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the 'base',
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'base-devel',
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'grub-bios' for GRUB
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wpa_supplicant to be able to connect through wifi
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if you don't have wifi you don't have to install it
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iw too for this, kernel-firmware,
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ldns, which will help us later to do pings to webpages in order to check our internet connection
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and finally a 'xenocara-input-synaptics' packages in order for the touchpad to work
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just install it if you're working on a laptop.
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Now let's press enter
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and with this we will have our packages installed from
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the hyperbola repositories from core, extra and community.
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The downloading and installation of packages is now done
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now let's make the principal system configuration
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for this
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let's make a clear
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and the use 'genfstab
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with the -U and -p parameter
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from /mnt
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and let's redirect that >> to the /mnt/etc/fstab directory
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[enter]
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now we verify with the cat command to see if it everything is correct
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cat /mnt/etc/fstab, and as you can see
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and as you can see, we have the 4 partitions with its correspondent mount points
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sda2 as root, sda1 as boot, sda3 as home and sda4 as swap.
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now let's
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write a name for the machine
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for this lets use the command 'echo' and the hostname,
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in this case I'll use the 'libre' name
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and this will be redirected...
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to /mnt/etc/hostname.
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now we have the name ready
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to keep configuring and to not refer all the time to /mnt we will have to enter to our root directly
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to this we will use the 'arch-chroot /mnt' command
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[enter]
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now we will have /mnt as a root, basically we are inside our new OS,
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now let's configure our zone,
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for this we will use the 'ln -s' command to create a simbolyc link
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to the /usr/share/zoneinfo/America Here you choose your location
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If I press TAB, you can see that there's more zones,
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in this case I'll chase America and Lima for the Peru country
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space, /etc/localtime, enter and we're done.
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Now let's work wit hthe localization
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and its specific characters of it
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for spanish
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i'll use the nano -w /etc/locale.gen
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and then enter
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now we have to search the english language
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the language
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which is en_US.UTF-8
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with the character set UTF-8
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and the spanish one which is es_ES.UTF, and uncomment those.
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Continuing with some localization preferences, we will use the 'nano' command
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with -w /etc/locale.conf
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[enter]
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here we write that we are using the LANG=es_ES.UTF-8 variable
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Ctrl+o and enter to save, and Ctrl+x to exit, now clear.
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then
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we write the command 'locale-gen'
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and our localization...
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and languages will be generated
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Now we have to tell the system what type of characters it will use in the tty
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for this we will use again the 'nano' command
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with -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps
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now we can change the -keymap- variable, change us for es
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in order to replace spanish for english.
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Now we will configure GRUB
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with the following the 'grub-install' command
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we will tell it that the target is i386-pc (mode grub legacy)
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tell it to recheck with --recheck
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and this followed by the target, which is /dev/sda
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GRUB now will check for operating systems installed on the device
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[enter]
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wait for the installation.
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one finished, no errors reported, we will generate the configuration file for GRUB
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with the grub-mkconfig command,
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and write this in the /boot/grub/grub.cfg directory
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here it generates the GRUB configuration
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If we wanted to change something in the linux-libre kernel
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with the command 'mkinitcpio -p linux-libre-lts' the kernel of use
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the generation begins
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When we runned pacstrap, this process was already done
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but with this command we make sure that they are generated
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Me re-run the grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg command.
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If we wanted to change something in the linux-libre kernel
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we can use the command nano -w /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
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and here we can see all the kernel configuration
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here you can configurate everything you need, it is unlikely, but you could
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Now, we will mkae a password for root
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with the 'passwd' command.
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we place for example 4 zeros
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we repeat
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all perfect
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now type exit
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and unmount devices
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with '-umount /mnt/{boot,home,}'
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This command will umount all the devices we mounted, boot, home and root.
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Now we can do a reboot or a poweroff
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in this case, I'll use a poweroff
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to make some adjustements to the virtual machine
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for example some network adjustements
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and I want to connect through it.
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I'll use AQUEMU and go to the network part
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00:36:57.940 --> 00:37:01.154
and change Connection mode to No connection and apply.
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I'll copy the parameter
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for this option
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and add it to my bash script.
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I'll hceck again if everything is right with lsub
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Bus 3, and device 9,
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the device changed
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Now we boot into the hyperbola USB, but now I'll choose the option of Boot existing OS, since we already have it installed.
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[enter]
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00:38:37.611 --> 00:38:42.491
Here in theory, I shouldn't have internet connection,
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00:38:45.017 --> 00:38:49.828
I'll enter with root in order to check this
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password are 4 zeros
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I'll make a pacman -Syu
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and as you can see,
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I don't have internet connection
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that's what I want to show you, how to have internet connection through wifi
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00:39:16.680 --> 00:39:23.394
Now we could use the same command as we used in the installation
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00:39:23.520 --> 00:39:30.822
but making a file is better since we have it saved, and don't have to make every configuration manually.
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00:39:31.080 --> 00:39:49.668
Let's make a 'nano -w /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
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by default, this file has some stf written in it, and we can use it as help.
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00:40:01.980 --> 00:40:07.931
Her we can see that we have a connection through cable, which is in IEEE8021X,
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and a wireless connection, the one we need..
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Let's write: network
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open brackets '{}'
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and write inside them:
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For example, the parameter that we wil use is the ssid parameter
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which is the name of the connection, its name, lynx, and for example,
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00:40:47.451 --> 00:40:49.417
the passwd, for this
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we use psk.
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00:40:56.080 --> 00:40:58.080
we write the wifi password
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00:41:05.485 --> 00:41:06.114
perfect
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00:41:08.400 --> 00:41:14.670
Now Ctrl+o sto save and exit with Ctrl+x.
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00:41:16.440 --> 00:41:21.120
Let's check what services are running in our system
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00:41:21.120 --> 00:41:24.354
using the 'rc-status' command
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00:41:25.417 --> 00:41:36.205
we see that the services wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd are now started
365
00:41:36.360 --> 00:41:46.914
we write 'rc-service wpa_supplicant start'
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00:41:51.240 --> 00:42:01.588
we write 'rc-service dhcpcd start'
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and we review the services with 'rc-status'
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00:42:06.940 --> 00:42:14.914
and check that wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd is already activated
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00:42:15.085 --> 00:42:20.011
dhcpcd is important because it will generate the network's ip's
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00:42:20.330 --> 00:42:24.262
and allows us to have internet connection
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00:42:24.260 --> 00:42:30.354
Now lets check our intenret connection with the command pacman -Syy
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and we are NOT able to reach the internet yet,
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00:42:34.490 --> 00:42:43.017
Using que command 'iw dev' would give us information about the interface
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00:42:58.350 --> 00:43:11.817
now, let's run 'dhcpcd wlp0s1f2u1'
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00:43:12.331 --> 00:43:13.497
then enter
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00:43:15.062 --> 00:43:19.920
it says that the configuration
377
00:43:21.794 --> 00:43:23.310
for the dhcpcd is running,
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00:43:23.588 --> 00:43:27.657
so we should have our IP now, running pacman -Syy
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00:43:27.950 --> 00:43:29.691
would give us, no internet
380
00:43:29.690 --> 00:43:33.600
let's now reboot in case it is needed,
381
00:43:37.120 --> 00:43:45.268
but not yet, we will ifrst run
382
00:43:48.720 --> 00:43:55.805
rc-update add wpa_supplicant and enter
383
00:43:58.971 --> 00:44:08.091
and the same with dhcpcd, after this, let's reboot.
384
00:44:08.320 --> 00:44:19.874
I'll check on my part that the password is the correct one
385
00:44:21.622 --> 00:44:22.217
good
386
00:44:23.371 --> 00:44:28.365
we have now the base system of Hyperbola but we do not have yet internet connection,
387
00:44:29.810 --> 00:44:38.331
let's check if now it is fixed, we now go to Boot existing OS again and start our system.
388
00:44:46.350 --> 00:44:53.371
Remember that we now have wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd at startup
389
00:44:53.370 --> 00:45:04.765
so, in theory we should now have internet connection,
390
00:45:07.451 --> 00:45:11.474
let's enter with root with the 4 zeros password and enter.
391
00:45:12.750 --> 00:45:22.628
Let's run rc-status and now we can see that wpa_supplicant is started, as well for dhcpcd
392
00:45:23.120 --> 00:45:27.017
now let's check if we have an IP address
393
00:45:27.010 --> 00:45:31.451
let's use the command 'ip route'
394
00:45:33.028 --> 00:45:34.228
and enter
395
00:45:34.960 --> 00:45:46.125
and as you can see we have the host which is 192.168.1.1 and our IP address being 58
396
00:45:48.514 --> 00:45:53.497
so it looks great, now let's check our internet connection,
397
00:45:54.520 --> 00:46:00.251
since dhcpcd already gave us IP address,
398
00:46:00.430 --> 00:46:11.165
for this we use the command 'drill gnu.org',
399
00:46:11.508 --> 00:46:16.765
as you can see it ended succesfully, and now let's check with pacman -Syy,
400
00:46:19.960 --> 00:46:24.777
and as we can see, we now have internet connection, we are connected thorough wifi with wpa_supplicant
401
00:46:25.100 --> 00:46:29.337
and with dhcpcd, without the needs of NetworkManager or such
402
00:46:30.605 --> 00:46:32.617
I didn't did the tutorial
403
00:46:35.748 --> 00:46:41.348
about NetworkManager, since it will be removed from Hyperbola in the 0.4 version
404
00:46:41.771 --> 00:46:50.240
so in order to save some work, you now know how to configure the network without NetworkManager.
405
00:47:02.571 --> 00:47:07.120
In the next video we will configure
406
00:47:08.308 --> 00:47:14.228
the part of the user creation
407
00:47:16.148 --> 00:47:22.788
and also how to make the right permissions for the user
408
00:47:24.548 --> 00:47:28.697
in the next video.