WEBVTT

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Hello and welcome to Hyperbola GNU with Linux-Libre

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today I'll show you how to install the Hyperbola distribution

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in its 0.3 version

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My name is Jesus Eduardo

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and I'm am on the Hyperbola Security team

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and well then let's start with the main steps

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one of the first steps is to download de ISO

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from the official Hyperbola page

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let's go to where it says 'download'

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Here we can see that we have

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a little guide about the types of images

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we have a normal image

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and another named 'Hypertalking'

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that allows us

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activate

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voice

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for those people who have problems with vision.

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for that you must download HyperTalking

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Let's go down, where it says 'source'

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because if we go up

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we can only download the ISO with torrent

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or through magnetic links

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but some users will like to download it with HTTP

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let's 'source'

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Down this page

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let's go where it says 'other sources'

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Any mirror will be good, but of course one would have to choose the nearest mirror

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once we are inside, let's click on '/other/'

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and then to the directory 'live_images/'

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followed by gnu-plus-linux-libre

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once here we choose the desired version. In my case, the stable one, milky-way v0.3

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Here we can see multiple files

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first,

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the pure .iso image

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then an magnet archive

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a sha512 file, to check the liability of the file,

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a signature of the data integration (sha512)

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an signature of the .iso image

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an a torrent file

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You will want to download the .iso image

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and for security reasons, the signature of the .iso image.

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Then, you'll go to the 'verify your live image'

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following this guide you can be sure that the .iso image downloaded has no data errors

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Once downloaded the file, you'll want to save it inside a memory USB

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or you can also save it on a CD

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in order to boot from the device,

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Remember that you need to check your BIOS settings in order to Boot to the live image (USB or CD).

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I'll use a virtual machine to simulate the installation

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in my physic machine

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I'm using a wireless network card from TP-link,

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exactly the 'TL-WN722N' model

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it is a wireless device that works with free software.

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I'll give you the description in case you don't have internet connection.

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Remember that it's a free distro, so some devices may not work.

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To check in where Bus is my USB,

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I'll use the command lsusb.

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in this case is the Bus 003, and the device 007.

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I'll go to the Qemu configurations, and specify my device Bus number and device number.

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hostbus is 3, and hostaddr is 7.

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I have the instructions of my virtual machine in a bash file

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my virtual machine will have 1GB of RAM and with a 20GB Hard Drive.

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I'll start my virtual machine with the command 'bash /home/heckyel/ and the name of the file, which is vm.sh

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[Intro]

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The virtual machine opens

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and it says that he can't find a bootable device, basically our image is not being detected, let's configure the disk part, id idn't add it actually.

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To add it, I'll use AQEMU,

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click on Media and on CD-ROM, and, yes, it's missing, that's why it isn't working

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Here I'll add the disk configurations

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perfect!

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let's close AQEMU

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and try again

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Perfect, now it works,

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let's click to View and check 'Zoom To Fit'

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in order to have a better resolution

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I'll maximize it.

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Here we have our...

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Hyperbola Menu

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Her ewe have options for x64 and x32 bits

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to boot from an existent operating system

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to run a RAM test

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to know hardware information

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to reboot and to power off the machine

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Let's go to the first option, to install a 64 bits system,

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remember that this video will be based on the DOS mode.

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Let's see the installation on DOS, the MBR installation, to be exact.

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Let's configure the keyboard map,

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because for default we won't the right keyboard

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unless you have an english keyboard, for that I'll use a clear

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and then run a 'loadkeys' space 'es'

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I'll activate 'screenkey' so you can understand...

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my commands better

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perfect!

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The first command was 'loadkeys es' and that will be enough for my keyboard in general.

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What to do next?

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first

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connect to the internet

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If I do a 'pacman -Syy'

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- you'll see

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 that I have internet connection,

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this is because

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by default, the virtual machine

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has a NAT connection

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and that is why I have internet connection from

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the virtual machine

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Logically this wont happend

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in your case, you won't be doing it on a virtual machine,

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so probably you won't have internet,

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I'll make an example with my wireless network card, to show you how to configure it.

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For this, let's use the 'iw dev' command

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we can see that the interface is being 'seen'

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so we have a name.

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Let's use

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now the 'wpa_supplicant- command

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with -B -i to indicate what interface should be used

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in this case is wlp0s1f2u1

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and now

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add -c to

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redirect some parameters

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using the command wpa_passphrase,

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and then 'lynx' the name of the connection in this case

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and the password would be the one I'm writing since it is an 'artificial' network

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there's no problem.

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This would be the command, once we press enter

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it will say that the connection was succesfull

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then, I'll use the command 'dhcpcd'

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and tell them to bring me Ip's to the wlp0s1f2u1 interface.

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Once we press enter

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it will say that it is running commands, now

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to check if we have internet connection

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we will use a 'pacman -Syy'.

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We see now that we do have internet connection

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perfect!

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Now

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I'll go to the next steps

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they will be to format

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the hard drive

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and make the partitions that we will need

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for this

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I'll use the 'cfdisk' command

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but before this command, we need to know which devices we have connected

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to this, we will use the 'lsblk' command

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[enter]

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it will show us all the devices

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we will use the sda drive

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with a 20GB capacity

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here we install the operating system

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Now, let's use cfdisk /dev/sda.

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Here we have to select the type of installation

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as I said before, it will be a DOS installation

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Now

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we have the totally free disk,

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let's create the first partition

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which will be dedicated to the boot process

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with a 300M space

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primary type

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Then the root file, I'll give it 10GB,

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the /home partition, 8G

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and the swap memory,

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it will the remain, 1.7GB

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[enter] Done!

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To the swap

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the thumb rule is to assign the double of space

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you have in your machine

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for example, if you have a computer with 2GB of RAM,

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the swap should have 2 or more

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in this case as I'm using a virtual machine

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that has a 1.7 GB approximately

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Once we are done with the partitions

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let's say that our first partition, the boot one has to be bootable, since it is where he kernel

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and the grub will be, to start the system

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Then, in the last sector

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let's change its type to Linux swap.

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After this, let's write every partition,

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let's go to the first one and go enter on write

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and say yes

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yes

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one by one.

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yes

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Perfect, let's go to quit

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and rerun the cfdisk /dev/sda command in order to see if everything is correct

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we see that they are correct

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Let's go quit again.

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now we will rormat the partition

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this is necessary since the partitions have to be formatted and the mounted

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let's make a clear.

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Let's use the command 'mkfs'

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the type of archive system with -t would be ext4

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on the /dev/sda1 device the /boot partition

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[enter]

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Again, mkfs -t ext4 to the root partition, /dev/sda2.

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We wait some seconds and again, mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda3, our /home partition

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[enter]

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we have almost everything ready

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now we will format the swap,

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we use the command 'mkswap /dev/sda4'

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now we will activate the swap

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since we will latter use the command genfstab

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command that detects all the systems to be used

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to activate the swap

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we use the 'swapon /dev/sda4' command,

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[enter]

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and the swap is now activated.

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Now we will organize the partitions

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we have a partition that will be home and another for root

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let's start mounting this partitions:

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Using the command 'mount /dev/sda2' in the /mnt directory

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then enter.

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Now we will create the boot and the home directory with the mkdir command,

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mkdir /mnt/boot

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and mkdir /mnt/home commands

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perfect!

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now let's mount the devices in those newly created directories

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using -mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot

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[enter]

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now mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home

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[enter]

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All perfect

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now we will simply make sure that the system keys are correct

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to this we'll use the command 'pacman -Sy hyperbola-keyring' then enter

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enter again

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and this is so we dont have errors later in the moment of installing the system with pacstrap

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In the 1.0 version of hyperbola, this problem won't be here animore

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since in that version we will only have one key, so it wont give us problems on that version

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now let's

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use 'pacstrap /mnt', as you can see in our root directory, which is mounted on /mnt

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we will install

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the 'base',

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'base-devel',

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'grub-bios' for GRUB

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wpa_supplicant to be able to connect through wifi

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if you don't have wifi you don't have to install it

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iw too for this, kernel-firmware,

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ldns, which will help us later to do pings to webpages in order to check our internet connection

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and finally a 'xenocara-input-synaptics' packages in order for the touchpad to work

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just install it if you're working on a laptop.

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Now let's press enter

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and with this we will have our packages installed from

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the hyperbola repositories from core, extra and community.

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The downloading and installation of packages is now done

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now let's make the principal system configuration

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for this

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let's make a clear

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and the use 'genfstab

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with the -U and -p parameter

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from /mnt

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and let's redirect that >> to the /mnt/etc/fstab directory

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[enter]

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now we verify with the cat command to see if it everything is correct

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cat /mnt/etc/fstab, and as you can see

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and as you can see, we have the 4 partitions with its correspondent mount points

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sda2 as root, sda1 as boot, sda3 as home and sda4 as swap.

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now let's

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write a name for the machine

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for this lets use the command 'echo' and the hostname,

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in this case I'll use the 'libre' name

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and this will be redirected...

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to /mnt/etc/hostname.

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now we have the name ready

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to keep configuring and to not refer all the time to /mnt we will have to enter to our root directly

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to this we will use the 'arch-chroot /mnt' command

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[enter]

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00:26:07.840 --> 00:26:14.411
now we will have /mnt as a root, basically we are inside our new OS,

263
00:26:15.485 --> 00:26:19.325
now let's configure our zone,

264
00:26:21.794 --> 00:26:30.251
for this we will use the 'ln -s' command to create a simbolyc link

265
00:26:33.980 --> 00:26:54.000
to the /usr/share/zoneinfo/America Here you choose your location

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00:26:54.000 --> 00:27:00.685
If I press TAB, you can see that there's more zones,

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00:27:00.948 --> 00:27:07.817
in this case I'll chase America and Lima for the Peru country

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00:27:08.330 --> 00:27:18.674
space, /etc/localtime, enter and we're done.

269
00:27:19.325 --> 00:27:25.862
Now let's work wit hthe localization

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00:27:27.142 --> 00:27:30.377
and its specific characters of it

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00:27:31.085 --> 00:27:32.342
for spanish

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00:27:32.740 --> 00:28:02.137
i'll use the nano -w /etc/locale.gen

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00:28:02.137 --> 00:28:04.130
and then enter

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00:28:04.690 --> 00:28:12.297
now we have to search the english language

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00:28:12.845 --> 00:28:14.091
the language

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00:28:15.428 --> 00:28:19.737
which is en_US.UTF-8

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00:28:22.480 --> 00:28:27.382
with the character set UTF-8

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00:28:28.925 --> 00:28:33.188
and the spanish one which is es_ES.UTF, and uncomment those.

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00:28:51.760 --> 00:29:01.040
Continuing with some localization preferences, we will use the 'nano' command

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00:29:04.670 --> 00:29:13.268
with -w /etc/locale.conf

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00:29:13.268 --> 00:29:15.260
[enter]

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00:29:15.260 --> 00:29:30.114
here we write that we are using the LANG=es_ES.UTF-8 variable

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00:29:32.422 --> 00:29:37.394
Ctrl+o and enter to save, and Ctrl+x to exit, now clear.

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00:29:38.320 --> 00:29:39.920
then

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00:29:41.360 --> 00:29:45.737
we write the command 'locale-gen'

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00:29:46.708 --> 00:29:50.171
and our localization...

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00:29:51.462 --> 00:29:56.297
and languages will be generated

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00:29:59.010 --> 00:30:06.342
Now we have to tell the system what type of characters it will use in the tty

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00:30:07.108 --> 00:30:10.708
for this we will use again the 'nano' command

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00:30:11.451 --> 00:30:16.594
with -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps

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00:30:41.240 --> 00:30:51.188
now we can change the -keymap- variable, change us for es

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00:30:51.577 --> 00:30:54.788
in order to replace spanish for english.

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00:31:02.990 --> 00:31:10.320
Now we will configure GRUB

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00:31:10.525 --> 00:31:14.537
with the following the 'grub-install' command

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00:31:16.800 --> 00:31:28.217
we will tell it that the target is i386-pc (mode grub legacy)

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00:31:30.834 --> 00:31:34.765
tell it to recheck with --recheck

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00:31:36.537 --> 00:31:41.337
and this followed by the target, which is /dev/sda

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00:31:42.100 --> 00:31:52.468
GRUB now will check for operating systems installed on the device

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00:31:59.542 --> 00:32:00.628
[enter]

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00:32:18.120 --> 00:32:23.405
wait for the installation.

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00:32:27.620 --> 00:32:35.497
one finished, no errors reported, we will generate the configuration file for GRUB

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00:32:37.565 --> 00:32:42.937
with the grub-mkconfig command,

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00:32:44.090 --> 00:32:54.857
and write this in the /boot/grub/grub.cfg directory

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00:32:57.531 --> 00:33:00.297
here it generates the GRUB configuration

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00:33:07.040 --> 00:33:10.228
If we wanted to change something in the linux-libre kernel

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00:33:10.220 --> 00:33:33.771
with the command 'mkinitcpio -p linux-libre-lts' the kernel of use

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00:33:34.251 --> 00:33:36.411
the generation begins

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00:33:37.531 --> 00:33:41.542
When we runned pacstrap, this process was already done

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00:33:42.125 --> 00:33:47.497
but with this command we make sure that they are generated

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00:33:48.300 --> 00:33:56.125
Me re-run the grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg command.

311
00:34:08.690 --> 00:34:15.120
If we wanted to change something in the linux-libre kernel

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00:34:15.920 --> 00:34:28.662
we can use the command nano -w /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

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00:34:28.660 --> 00:34:32.594
and here we can see all the kernel configuration

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00:34:36.777 --> 00:34:44.685
here you can configurate everything you need, it is unlikely, but you could

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00:34:51.222 --> 00:34:55.394
Now, we will mkae a password for root

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00:34:55.390 --> 00:34:58.171
with the 'passwd' command.

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00:35:09.028 --> 00:35:11.508
we place for example 4 zeros

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00:35:13.348 --> 00:35:14.365
we repeat

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00:35:15.600 --> 00:35:17.554
all perfect

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00:35:19.690 --> 00:35:25.760
now type exit

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00:35:28.194 --> 00:35:30.674
and unmount devices

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00:35:33.410 --> 00:35:44.560
with '-umount /mnt/{boot,home,}'

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00:36:09.245 --> 00:36:13.005
This command will umount all the devices we mounted, boot, home and root.

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00:36:14.200 --> 00:36:19.188
Now we can do a reboot or a poweroff

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00:36:19.180 --> 00:36:21.954
in this case, I'll use a poweroff

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00:36:24.560 --> 00:36:28.720
to make some adjustements to the virtual machine

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00:36:29.154 --> 00:36:33.291
for example some network adjustements

328
00:36:33.508 --> 00:36:36.182
and I want to connect through it.

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00:36:52.788 --> 00:36:57.942
I'll use AQUEMU and go to the network part

330
00:36:57.940 --> 00:37:01.154
and change Connection mode to No connection and apply.

331
00:37:02.491 --> 00:37:05.611
I'll copy the parameter

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00:37:07.702 --> 00:37:09.668
for this option

333
00:37:19.931 --> 00:37:23.234
and add it to my bash script.

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00:37:35.180 --> 00:37:42.971
I'll hceck again if everything is right with lsub

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00:37:45.200 --> 00:37:48.228
Bus 3, and device 9,

336
00:38:00.400 --> 00:38:02.617
the device changed

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00:38:19.220 --> 00:38:30.925
Now we boot into the hyperbola USB, but now I'll choose the option of Boot existing OS, since we already have it installed.

338
00:38:32.114 --> 00:38:33.291
[enter]

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00:38:37.611 --> 00:38:42.491
Here in theory, I shouldn't have internet connection,

340
00:38:45.017 --> 00:38:49.828
I'll enter with root in order to check this

341
00:38:50.697 --> 00:38:55.611
password are 4 zeros

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00:38:55.610 --> 00:39:00.891
I'll make a pacman -Syu

343
00:39:01.051 --> 00:39:03.611
and as you can see,

344
00:39:03.770 --> 00:39:08.137
I don't have internet connection

345
00:39:08.130 --> 00:39:12.182
that's what I want to show you, how to have internet connection through wifi

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00:39:16.680 --> 00:39:23.394
Now we could use the same command as we used in the installation

347
00:39:23.520 --> 00:39:30.822
but making a file is better since we have it saved,  and don't have to make every configuration manually.

348
00:39:31.080 --> 00:39:49.668
Let's make a 'nano -w /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

349
00:39:55.100 --> 00:40:01.840
by default, this file has some stf written in it, and we can use it as help.

350
00:40:01.980 --> 00:40:07.931
Her we can see that we have a connection through cable, which is in IEEE8021X,

351
00:40:09.017 --> 00:40:12.811
and a wireless connection, the one we need..

352
00:40:14.130 --> 00:40:15.851
Let's write: network

353
00:40:17.245 --> 00:40:19.382
open brackets '{}'

354
00:40:19.380 --> 00:40:22.982
and write inside them:

355
00:40:33.942 --> 00:40:39.600
For example, the parameter that we wil use is the ssid parameter

356
00:40:39.851 --> 00:40:44.685
which is the name of the connection, its name, lynx, and for example,

357
00:40:47.451 --> 00:40:49.417
the passwd, for this

358
00:40:50.130 --> 00:40:56.080
we use psk.

359
00:40:56.080 --> 00:40:58.080
we write the wifi password

360
00:41:05.485 --> 00:41:06.114
perfect

361
00:41:08.400 --> 00:41:14.670
Now Ctrl+o sto save and exit with Ctrl+x.

362
00:41:16.440 --> 00:41:21.120
Let's check what services are running in our system

363
00:41:21.120 --> 00:41:24.354
using the 'rc-status' command

364
00:41:25.417 --> 00:41:36.205
we see that the services wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd are now started

365
00:41:36.360 --> 00:41:46.914
we write 'rc-service wpa_supplicant start'

366
00:41:51.240 --> 00:42:01.588
we write 'rc-service dhcpcd start'

367
00:42:02.125 --> 00:42:06.537
and we review the services with 'rc-status'

368
00:42:06.940 --> 00:42:14.914
and check that wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd is already activated

369
00:42:15.085 --> 00:42:20.011
dhcpcd is important because it will generate the network's ip's

370
00:42:20.330 --> 00:42:24.262
and allows us to have internet connection

371
00:42:24.260 --> 00:42:30.354
Now lets check our intenret connection with the command pacman -Syy

372
00:42:31.588 --> 00:42:34.068
and we are NOT able to reach the internet yet,

373
00:42:34.490 --> 00:42:43.017
Using que command 'iw dev' would give us information about the interface

374
00:42:58.350 --> 00:43:11.817
now, let's run 'dhcpcd wlp0s1f2u1'

375
00:43:12.331 --> 00:43:13.497
then enter

376
00:43:15.062 --> 00:43:19.920
it says that the configuration

377
00:43:21.794 --> 00:43:23.310
for the dhcpcd is running,

378
00:43:23.588 --> 00:43:27.657
so we should have our IP now, running pacman -Syy

379
00:43:27.950 --> 00:43:29.691
would give us, no internet

380
00:43:29.690 --> 00:43:33.600
let's now reboot in case it is needed,

381
00:43:37.120 --> 00:43:45.268
but not yet, we will ifrst run

382
00:43:48.720 --> 00:43:55.805
 rc-update add wpa_supplicant and enter

383
00:43:58.971 --> 00:44:08.091
and the same with dhcpcd, after this, let's reboot.

384
00:44:08.320 --> 00:44:19.874
I'll check on my part that the password is the correct one

385
00:44:21.622 --> 00:44:22.217
good

386
00:44:23.371 --> 00:44:28.365
we have now the base system of Hyperbola but we do not have yet internet connection,

387
00:44:29.810 --> 00:44:38.331
let's check if now it is fixed, we now go to Boot existing OS again and start our system.

388
00:44:46.350 --> 00:44:53.371
Remember that we now have wpa_supplicant and dhcpcd at startup

389
00:44:53.370 --> 00:45:04.765
so, in theory we should now have internet connection,

390
00:45:07.451 --> 00:45:11.474
let's enter with root with the 4 zeros password and enter.

391
00:45:12.750 --> 00:45:22.628
Let's run rc-status and now we can see that wpa_supplicant is started, as well for dhcpcd

392
00:45:23.120 --> 00:45:27.017
now let's check if we have an IP address

393
00:45:27.010 --> 00:45:31.451
let's use the command 'ip route'

394
00:45:33.028 --> 00:45:34.228
and enter

395
00:45:34.960 --> 00:45:46.125
and as you can see we have the host which is 192.168.1.1 and our IP address being 58

396
00:45:48.514 --> 00:45:53.497
so it looks great, now let's check our internet connection,

397
00:45:54.520 --> 00:46:00.251
since dhcpcd already gave us IP address,

398
00:46:00.430 --> 00:46:11.165
for this we use the command 'drill gnu.org',

399
00:46:11.508 --> 00:46:16.765
as you can see it ended succesfully, and now let's check with pacman -Syy,

400
00:46:19.960 --> 00:46:24.777
and as we can see, we now have internet connection, we are connected thorough wifi with wpa_supplicant

401
00:46:25.100 --> 00:46:29.337
and with dhcpcd, without the needs of NetworkManager or such

402
00:46:30.605 --> 00:46:32.617
I didn't did the tutorial

403
00:46:35.748 --> 00:46:41.348
about NetworkManager, since it will be removed from Hyperbola in the 0.4 version

404
00:46:41.771 --> 00:46:50.240
so in order to save some work, you now know how to configure the network without NetworkManager.

405
00:47:02.571 --> 00:47:07.120
In the next video we will configure

406
00:47:08.308 --> 00:47:14.228
the part of the user creation

407
00:47:16.148 --> 00:47:22.788
and also how to make the right permissions for the user

408
00:47:24.548 --> 00:47:28.697
in the next video.