instalar-un-gestor-de-maquinas-virtuales-en-hyperbola-gnulinux-libre.en.md: add new language
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Author: Jesús E.
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Category: Tutorial
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Date: 2020-05-03 03:12
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Image: 2020/05/virt-manager.jpg
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Lang: en
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Save_as: install-a-virtual-machine-manager-on-hyperbola-gnulinux-libre/index.html
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URL: install-a-virtual-machine-manager-on-hyperbola-gnulinux-libre/
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Slug: instalar-un-gestor-de-maquinas-virtuales-en-hyperbola-gnulinux-libre
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Tags: virtual machine, tutorial
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Title: Install a virtual machine manager in Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre
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Your host may be Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre x86_64 architecture, for example,
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but with enough memory and processing power you could run
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[Trisquel][trisquel]{:target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"} and
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[Dragora][dragora]{:target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"}
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at the same time, on the same machine.
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## What is a virtual machine?
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A virtual machine is software that simulates a computer system and can
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execute programs as if it were a real computer. This software was
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originally defined as "an efficient and isolated duplicate of a
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physical machine".
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## What programs allow me to run a virtual machine?
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In totally free operating systems there is a program
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called `qemu` that allows us to virtualize.
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[Qemu][qemu]{:target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"}
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works through the command line, but there are
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also GUIs.
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In this guide we explain how to install
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[Virtual Machine Manager][vm]{:target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"}
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which is very complete when virtualizing operating systems.
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## Virtual Machine Manager installation
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### Check if your PC supports virtualization
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$ LC_ALL=C lscpu | grep Virtualization
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or run the command:
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$ lsmod | grep kvm
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If your computer supports virtualization, you should see the
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output as `Virtualization: VT-x` or `Virtualization: AMD-V`,
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otherwise your computer is not capable of virtualizing.
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### Virtual Machine Manager Installing
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# pacman -Sy
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# pacman -S virt-manager qemu vde2 dnsmasq bridge-utils openbsd-netcat libvirt firewalld
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# gpasswd -a <tu-usuario> kvm
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# gpasswd -a <tu-usuario> libvirt
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### Check kvm group
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# grep -E 'group="kvm"|group="78"' /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
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Check if there is `group="kvm"` or `group="78"`
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### Enable kernel modules for virtualization
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- kvm_intel module (Intel processors)
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# modprobe kvm_intel
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- kvm_amd module (AMD processors)
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# modprobe kvm_amd
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### Verify that the virtual machine is configured correctly
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$ virt-host-validate
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### Services
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Virt-Manager relies on the `libvirtd` and
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`firewalld` services to function.
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Here we explain how to start these services:
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#### Start libvirtd
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# rc-service libvirtd start
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#### Add libvirtd for default
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# rc-update add libvirtd default
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#### Start firewalld
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# rc-service firewalld start
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#### Add firewalld for default
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# rc-update add firewalld default
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#### Remove Services
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If you want to remove the services and start
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only when you want, run:
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# rc-update del libvirtd default
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# rc-update del firewalld default
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### Enable nested virtualization in KVM
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Nested virtualization allows you to run a virtual machine (VM)
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within another VM while still using host hardware acceleration.
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#### Checking if nested virtualization is supported
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For Intel processors, check the
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`/sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nested` file.
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For AMD processors, check the
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`/sys/module/kvm_amd/parameters/nested`.
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If you see `1` or `Y`, nested virtualization is supported;
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if you see `0` or `N`, nested virtualization is not supported.
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For example:
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$ cat /sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nested
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Y
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#### Enable nested virtualization for Intel processors:
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1. Turn off all running virtual machines and reload `kvm_intel` module:
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# modprobe -r kvm_intel
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2. Activate the nesting function
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# modprobe kvm_intel nested=1
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3. Nested virtualization is enabled until the host is restarted.
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To enable it permanently, add the following line to
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`/etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf` file:
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# nano -w /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
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----------------------------------
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options kvm_intel nested=1
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#### Enable nested virtualization for AMD processors:
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1. Turn off all running virtual machines and reload `kvm_amd` module:
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# modprobe -r kvm_amd
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2. Activate the nesting function
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# modprobe kvm_amd nested=1
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3. Nested virtualization is enabled until the host is restarted.
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To enable it permanently, add the following line to
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`/etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf` file:
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# nano -w /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
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----------------------------------
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options kvm_intel nested=1
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### Virtual Machine Manager screenshots
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<figure>
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<a href="{filename}/wp-content/uploads/article/images/2020/05/vm-dragora.png">
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<img src="{filename}/wp-content/uploads/article/images/2020/05/vm-dragora.png" alt="Dragora in Virtual Machine Manager">
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</a>
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<figcaption>Screenshot of Dragora GNU/Linux in Virtual Machine Manager</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<figure>
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<a href="{filename}/wp-content/uploads/article/images/2020/05/vm-trisquel.png">
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<img src="{filename}/wp-content/uploads/article/images/2020/05/vm-trisquel.png" alt="Trisquel in Virtual Machine Manager">
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</a>
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<figcaption>Screenshot of Trisquel GNU/Linux in Virtual Machine Manager</figcaption>
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</figure>
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### Modules with security issues
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The `vhost_net` module has
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[CVE-2018-3646][spectre]{:target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"}
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security issues which is L1TF and SMT CPU error
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with possible data leak.
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It's recommended to disable it as follows:
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# modprobe -r vhost_net
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If you are in Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre
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this module comes disabled.
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[dragora]: https://dragora.org
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[trisquel]: https://trisquel.info
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[qemu]: https://wiki.qemu.org/Main_Page
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[spectre]: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/l1tf.html
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[vm]: https://virt-manager.org/
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*[GUI]: Graphical user interface
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